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Lipoproteins Analysis Service

Creative Proteomics provides advanced lipoprotein analysis services, including lipoprotein subclass profiling, apolipoprotein quantification, and comprehensive lipidomic assessments. Our solutions support research in lipid metabolism, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular health, offering high precision, high throughput, and customizable workflows. We help researchers gain deeper insights into lipoprotein composition, helping to identify biomarkers, explore metabolic pathways, and advance scientific understanding of lipid-related diseases.

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List of Lipoproteins
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Sample Requirements
FAQ

What are Lipoproteins?

Lipoproteins are particles composed of proteins and lipids. Their primary function is to carry hydrophobic lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides, throughout the bloodstream, making it possible for these substances to travel between organs and tissues that need them. Lipoproteins are classified into several types, each with specific roles in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. The major classes of lipoproteins include:

Chylomicrons: Responsible for the transport of dietary lipids from the intestine to other parts of the body.
Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL): Primarily involved in the transport of triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues.
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL): LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to cells throughout the body.
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL): Known as "good cholesterol," HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it to the liver for excretion.

Analyzing lipoprotein levels and composition is vital for understanding lipid metabolism, cardiovascular disease risk, and metabolic disorders. Creative Proteomics specializes in providing comprehensive lipoprotein analysis that offers detailed insights into the lipid profile of biological samples.

Lipoproteins Analysis in Creative Proteomics

Lipoprotein Particle Profiling

Identification and quantification of different lipoprotein classes such as VLDL, LDL, HDL, and chylomicrons.

Apolipoprotein Quantification

Measurement of specific apolipoproteins such as apoA-I, apoB, and apoE.

Lipidomic Profiling

Detailed analysis of the lipid composition within lipoprotein particles, including phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, and fatty acids.

Lipoprotein Size and Density Analysis

Determination of the size distribution and density of lipoproteins using advanced techniques such as ultracentrifugation and gradient gel electrophoresis.

Quantification of Lipoprotein Subfractions

Measurement of lipoprotein subfractions, which may provide more precise information on lipid distribution and the associated cardiovascular risk.

List of Lipoproteins We Can Detect

Lipoprotein Type	Size Range (nm)	Major Lipid Components	Key Proteins (Apolipoproteins)
Chylomicrons	75–1,200	Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-48, ApoA-I, ApoC-II, ApoE
Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)	30–80	Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-100, ApoC-I, ApoC-II, ApoE
Intermediate-Density Lipoprotein (IDL)	25–35	Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Phospholipids	ApoB-100, ApoC-I, ApoE
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)	18–25	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-100
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)	5–15	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoA-I, ApoA-II, ApoC-I, ApoE
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]	20–30	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-100, Apo(a)
Small Dense LDL	18–22	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-100
Large LDL	22–25	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-100
VLDL Remnants	30–60	Cholesterol, Triglycerides	ApoB-100, ApoC-I, ApoE
HDL2	8–12	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoA-I, ApoA-II
HDL3	5–8	Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoA-I, ApoC-I
Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins	20–80	Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Phospholipids	ApoB-48, ApoB-100, ApoC-I, ApoC-II

Why Choose Our Lipoproteins Services?

Ultra-High Sensitivity: Detect trace apolipoproteins down to 0.1 ng/mL for precise quantification in low-abundance samples like CSF.
High-Throughput Capability: Analyze 500+ samples weekly with minimal batch variation, ideal for large-scale studies.
Multi-Omics Integration: Integrate lipidomics, proteomics, and structural analysis for comprehensive insights into lipoprotein metabolism.
Customizable Workflows: Adaptable protocols for diverse samples, including non-human and complex matrices.

Advanced Structural Resolution: Profile 20+ lipoprotein subclasses using ultracentrifugation-SEC-MS for detailed analysis.
Low Sample Volume Requirements: Analyze with just 45 µL of human serum/plasma or 35 µL of animal samples.
Automated Data Interpretation: Leverage proprietary algorithms for accurate particle number and size distribution calculations.
Comprehensive Insights: Quantify key lipoprotein markers to support metabolic and lipidomic research.

What Methods are Used for Our Lipoproteins Analysis?

1. Ultracentrifugation and Gradient Density Separation

Instrument: Beckman Coulter Optima™ XPN Ultracentrifuge
Application: Fractionates lipoproteins based on density for precise subclass separation.
Advantages: Ideal for isolating VLDL, LDL, HDL, and intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL).

2. Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC)

Instrument: Agilent 1260 Infinity II HPLC System with Multi-Angle Light Scattering (MALS) Detector
Application: Separates lipoproteins based on particle size.
Advantages: Provides detailed size distribution profiles without compromising sample integrity.

3. Mass Spectrometry (MS)

Instrument: Thermo Scientific Q Exactive™ HF Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer
Application: Lipidomics and proteomics analysis for apolipoprotein identification and lipid profiling.
Advantages: High-resolution, accurate mass analysis for comprehensive characterization.

4. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Instrument: Bruker Avance™ III HD 600 MHz NMR Spectrometer
Application: Direct quantification of lipoprotein particle concentrations and subclass distributions.
Advantages: Provides structural and compositional data for in-depth metabolic research.

5. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)

Instrument: Malvern Zetasizer Ultra
Application: Determines particle size distribution and aggregation state of lipoproteins.
Advantages: Non-destructive analysis with real-time data acquisition.

Thermo Fisher Q Exactive (Figure from Thermo Fisher)

Agilent 1260 Infinity II HPLC (Figure from Agilent)

Agilent 7890A GC System (Figure from Agilent)

Demo Results of Lipoproteins Analysis

Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution Report

Results Provided:

Proportions of major lipoprotein subclasses (e.g., HDL, LDL, VLDL).
Detailed particle size distribution using nanometer-scale measurements.
Subclass shifts indicating lipid transport alterations.

Format:

Bar graphs showing subclass concentrations across samples.
Line charts visualizing particle size distribution.
Comparative summary table with key subclass data.

$High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis of plasma lipoproteins and plasma lipoprotein free fraction$

High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis of plasma lipoproteins and plasma lipoprotein free fraction (Dashti, Monireh, et al. 2011).

$High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis of plasma lipoproteins and plasma lipoprotein free fraction$

High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis of plasma lipoproteins and plasma lipoprotein free fraction (Dashti, Monireh, et al. 2011).

Analysis of serum lipoprotein profile by HPLC gel filtration (Niimi, Manabu, et al., 2013).

Apolipoprotein Quantification Report

This report focuses on the analysis of apolipoproteins, key structural and functional components of lipoproteins.

Key Features:

Absolute and relative concentrations of major apolipoproteins (e.g., ApoA-I, ApoB, ApoE).
Comparative analysis across different lipoprotein subclasses.
Identification of minor apolipoproteins for functional analysis.
Evaluation of apolipoprotein ratios as biomarkers for lipid metabolism studies.

Lipid Profile Report

This report details the lipidomic characteristics of lipoprotein particles, supporting comprehensive lipid metabolism assessments.

Key Features:

Quantitative analysis of triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, and free fatty acids.
Classification of fatty acid species (e.g., saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated).
Calculation of lipid ratios for evaluating lipid homeostasis.
Graphical representation of lipid distribution across sample groups using bar charts and pie charts.

Comparative Analysis Report

This report provides statistically driven insights to identify significant differences in lipoprotein profiles across experimental conditions.

Key Features:

Statistical comparisons using ANOVA or t-tests with p-value and fold change reporting.
Identification of lipoprotein subclasses and lipid species with significant alterations.
Correlation analysis to explore associations between lipoprotein levels and external variables.
Data visualization using volcano plots, heatmaps, and principal component analysis (PCA) plots.

Explore our Lipidomics Solutions brochure to learn more about our comprehensive lipidomics analysis platform.

Download Brochure

What Our Lipoproteins Analysis Used For

Biomarker Identification in Basic Research

Identify and validate lipoprotein-related biomarkers for studying lipid metabolism regulation and its role in various biological processes.

Metabolic Research

Investigate lipid transport and metabolism pathways under various physiological and experimental conditions.

Toxicology Studies

Monitor lipoprotein changes as biomarkers of lipid metabolism disruption in response to chemical exposure or drug treatments.

Animal Model Research

Analyze lipoprotein profiles in preclinical animal models to understand lipid-related phenotypes and mechanisms.

Pharmaceutical Research and Development

Assess the effects of novel compounds on lipoprotein metabolism to support drug discovery and safety evaluation.

Nutritional and Dietary Studies

Evaluate the impact of specific diets, supplements, or nutritional interventions on lipid metabolism and lipoprotein composition.

Sample Requirements for Lipoproteins Analysis

Sample Type	Minimum Volume	Storage Condition	Notes
Human Serum/Plasma	45 µL	-80°C	Avoid hemolysis; use anticoagulants like EDTA.
Animal Serum/Plasma	35 µL	-80°C	Suitable for mouse, rat, and other small animals.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	100 µL	-80°C	Ensure samples are clear without blood contamination.
Cell Culture Media	500 µL	-80°C	Serum-free media preferred for accurate analysis.
Tissue Homogenates	50 mg	-80°C	Flash freeze in liquid nitrogen; provide buffer details.
Lipoprotein Fractions	100 µL	-80°C	Isolated via ultracentrifugation or SEC.
Other Biological Fluids	200 µL	-80°C	Contact us for specific guidance.

How Does Our Lipoproteins Analysis Service Work?

Workflow of lipoprotein analysis service

FAQs for Lipoproteins Analysis Service

How do you ensure the accuracy of lipoprotein subclass profiling, especially for small particles like HDL3 or dense LDL?

We employ a combination of ultracentrifugation and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) to achieve high-resolution separation of lipoprotein subclasses. For particles smaller than 10 nm (e.g., HDL3), we use dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to validate size distribution. Additionally, our mass spectrometry platform (Q Exactive™ HF) quantifies specific apolipoproteins and lipid components with a sensitivity of <0.1 ng/mL, ensuring precise subclass characterization even in low-abundance samples.

Can your service analyze oxidized or glycated lipoproteins, which are critical in studying atherosclerosis?

Yes. We offer targeted lipidomic workflows to detect oxidized phospholipids (e.g., oxLDL) and glycated apolipoproteins (e.g., glycated apoB) using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS). For structural analysis, NMR spectroscopy identifies oxidation-induced conformational changes in lipoprotein particles. Customized protocols are available for studying post-translational modifications relevant to cardiovascular research.

What is the turnaround time for lipoprotein analysis, and can it be expedited for large-scale studies?

Standard turnaround time is 7–10 business days for routine profiling. For high-throughput projects (>500 samples), we implement automated batch processing with a guaranteed completion within 14 days. Expedited services (3–5 days) are available for urgent requests, leveraging our parallelized SEC-MS and robotic sample handling systems .

How do you handle species-specific differences in lipoprotein composition (e.g., mouse vs. human samples)?

Our platform includes species-specific reference databases for apolipoproteins and lipid profiles. For example:

Mouse/rat models: We adjust ultracentrifugation gradients to account for smaller HDL particles.
Non-human primates: Customized antibody panels (e.g., anti-apoA-I cross-reactive to macaques) ensure accurate quantification . All cross-species analyses include a QC step comparing recovery rates against standardized controls.

What are the limitations of using serum vs. plasma for lipoprotein analysis?

While both serum and plasma are suitable, plasma (EDTA-treated) is preferred for:

Minimizing ex vivo lipoprotein aggregation.
Preventing clotting-induced alterations in triglyceride-rich particles (e.g., chylomicrons). Serum may yield slightly higher HDL-C levels due to fibrinogen removal. We provide a detailed pre-analytical guide to optimize sample collection .

How do you address matrix effects in complex samples like cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or tissue homogenates?

For low-abundance samples (e.g., CSF), we use immunoaffinity depletion to remove high-abundance proteins (e.g., albumin) and enrich lipoproteins. Tissue homogenates undergo density gradient optimization to isolate intact particles. All methods are validated with spike-recovery experiments (85–115% recovery rate) .

Can your platform detect lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and differentiate it from LDL?

Yes. Lp(a) is distinguished from LDL using agarose gel electrophoresis and apo(a)-specific antibodies in ELISA. Quantification via LC-MS/MS targets the unique kringle-IV domain of apo(a), avoiding cross-reactivity with apoB-100 .

How are samples protected from degradation?

All workflows include protease/phosphatase inhibitors and strict cold-chain logistics.

Do you provide raw data and bioinformatics support?

Raw files (mzML, .d) and statistical analysis (PCA, OPLS-DA) are included.

What is the detection limit for oxidized LDL?

<0.5 nM using our LC-MS/MS platform.

Publications

White matter lipid alterations during aging in the rhesus monkey brain. GeroScience, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-024-01353-3
Characterization of Dnajc12 knockout mice, a model of hypodopaminergia. bioRxiv, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.06.602343
Annexin A2 modulates phospholipid membrane composition upstream of Arp2 to control angiogenic sprout initiation. The FASEB Journal, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202201088R
Lipid Membrane Engineering for Biotechnology (Doctoral dissertation, Aston University). Lipid Membrane Engineering for Biotechnology, 2023. https://doi.org/10.48780/publications.aston.ac.uk.00046663
Multi‐omics identify xanthine as a pro‐survival metabolite for nematodes with mitochondrial dysfunction. EMBO Journal, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.201899558

References

Niimi, Manabu, et al. "Probucol inhibits the initiation of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits." Lipids in health and disease 12 (2013): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-166
Dashti, Monireh, et al. "A phospholipidomic analysis of all defined human plasma lipoproteins." Scientific reports 1.1 (2011): 139. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00139

* Our services can only be used for research purposes and Not for clinical use.

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